Usage Information
Abstract
Elevated numbers of antibody-secreting cells (ASCs) and anti–double-stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) antibodies are found in nasal polyp (NP) tissue. The presence of anti-dsDNA IgG in tissue prospectively predicts recurrent NP but the characteristics of the source ASCs are unknown. Here, we investigated whether NP B cells expressing the extrafollicular marker EBI2 have increased propensity for autoantibody production and evaluated the molecular characteristics of NP ASCs. NPs showed increased frequencies of anti-dsDNA IgG and total IgG ASCs compared with tonsils, with more pronounced differences among EBI2+ cells. In NPs, EBI2+ cells were frequently double negative (IgD–CD27–) and ASCs. Single-cell RNA-Seq analysis of tonsils and NPs revealed substantial differences in B lineage composition, including differences in percentages of ASCs, germinal centers, proliferative cells, and non-ASCs. NPs exhibited higher expression of specific isotypes (IGHE, IGHA1, IGHA2, and IGHG4) and mature plasma genes, including SDC1 and XBP1, than tonsils. Gene Ontology biological processes indicated upregulated NF-κB and downregulated apoptosis pathways in NP ASCs. Together, these data indicate that NP EBI2+ ASCs secret increased total and anti-dsDNA IgG compared with those from tonsils and had molecular features of mature plasma cell differentiation.
Authors
Junqin Bai, Atsushi Kato, Kathryn E. Hulse, Joshua B. Wechsler, Vikram Gujar, Julie A. Poposki, Regan Harmon, Naruhito Iwasaki, Bao-Feng Wang, Julia H. Huang, Whitney W. Stevens, David B. Conley, Kevin C. Welch, Robert C. Kern, Anju T. Peters, Stephanie C. Eisenbarth, Robert P. Schleimer, Bruce K. Tan
Usage data is cumulative from August 2025 through August 2026.
| Usage | JCI | PMC |
|---|---|---|
| Text version | 2,094 | 230 |
| 273 | 52 | |
| Figure | 721 | 4 |
| Table | 96 | 0 |
| Supplemental data | 240 | 19 |
| Citation downloads | 256 | 0 |
| Totals | 3,680 | 305 |
| Total Views | 3,985 | |
Usage information is collected from two different sources: this site (JCI) and Pubmed Central (PMC). JCI information (compiled daily) shows human readership based on methods we employ to screen out robotic usage. PMC information (aggregated monthly) is also similarly screened of robotic usage.
Various methods are used to distinguish robotic usage. For example, Google automatically scans articles to add to its search index and identifies itself as robotic; other services might not clearly identify themselves as robotic, or they are new or unknown as robotic. Because this activity can be misinterpreted as human readership, data may be re-processed periodically to reflect an improved understanding of robotic activity. Because of these factors, readers should consider usage information illustrative but subject to change.
