ResearchIn-Press PreviewCell biologyImmunologyNephrology
Open Access | 
10.1172/jci.insight.207157
A cross model single-cell atlas reveals conserved involvement of osteopontin in polycystic kidney disease
Sarah J. Miller,1 Hua Zhong,1 Weidong Wu,2 Audrey M. Cordova,1 Morgan E. Yashchenko,1 Alex Yashchenko,1 Zhang Li,3 Daniyal J. Jafree,4 Chelsea N. Zimmerman,5 Christa I. DeVette,5 Vicki Do,6 Maya E. Hignite,1 Yohan Park,1 Fariha Nusrat,1 Bibi Maryam,1 Sizhao Lu,7 Xiaoyan Li,8 Jenny R. Gipson,9 Xiaogang Li,8 David A. Long,4 Mary C.M. Weiser-Evans,7 Bradley K. Yoder,10 Benjamin D. Cowley, Jr.,1 Katharina Hopp,7 Jason R. Stubbs,11 Qin Ma,2 Anjun Ma,2 and Kurt A. Zimmerman1
1Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
2Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
3Department of Cell, Development, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States of America
4UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
5Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
6Division of Nephrology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, United States of America
7Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, United States of America
8Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
9College of Medicine Core Facilities, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
10Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States of America
11The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, United States of America
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1Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
2Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
3Department of Cell, Development, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States of America
4UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
5Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
6Division of Nephrology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, United States of America
7Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, United States of America
8Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
9College of Medicine Core Facilities, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
10Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States of America
11The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, United States of America
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1Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
2Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
3Department of Cell, Development, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States of America
4UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
5Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
6Division of Nephrology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, United States of America
7Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, United States of America
8Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
9College of Medicine Core Facilities, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
10Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States of America
11The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, United States of America
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1Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
2Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
3Department of Cell, Development, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States of America
4UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
5Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
6Division of Nephrology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, United States of America
7Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, United States of America
8Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
9College of Medicine Core Facilities, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
10Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States of America
11The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, United States of America
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1Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
2Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
3Department of Cell, Development, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States of America
4UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
5Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
6Division of Nephrology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, United States of America
7Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, United States of America
8Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
9College of Medicine Core Facilities, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
10Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States of America
11The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, United States of America
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1Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
2Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
3Department of Cell, Development, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States of America
4UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
5Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
6Division of Nephrology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, United States of America
7Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, United States of America
8Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
9College of Medicine Core Facilities, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
10Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States of America
11The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, United States of America
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1Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
2Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
3Department of Cell, Development, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States of America
4UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
5Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
6Division of Nephrology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, United States of America
7Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, United States of America
8Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
9College of Medicine Core Facilities, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
10Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States of America
11The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, United States of America
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Li, Z.
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1Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
2Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
3Department of Cell, Development, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States of America
4UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
5Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
6Division of Nephrology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, United States of America
7Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, United States of America
8Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
9College of Medicine Core Facilities, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
10Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States of America
11The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, United States of America
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1Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
2Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
3Department of Cell, Development, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States of America
4UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
5Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
6Division of Nephrology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, United States of America
7Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, United States of America
8Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
9College of Medicine Core Facilities, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
10Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States of America
11The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, United States of America
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1Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
2Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
3Department of Cell, Development, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States of America
4UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
5Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
6Division of Nephrology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, United States of America
7Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, United States of America
8Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
9College of Medicine Core Facilities, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
10Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States of America
11The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, United States of America
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1Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
2Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
3Department of Cell, Development, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States of America
4UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
5Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
6Division of Nephrology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, United States of America
7Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, United States of America
8Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
9College of Medicine Core Facilities, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
10Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States of America
11The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, United States of America
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1Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
2Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
3Department of Cell, Development, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States of America
4UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
5Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
6Division of Nephrology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, United States of America
7Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, United States of America
8Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
9College of Medicine Core Facilities, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
10Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States of America
11The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, United States of America
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1Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
2Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
3Department of Cell, Development, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States of America
4UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
5Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
6Division of Nephrology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, United States of America
7Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, United States of America
8Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
9College of Medicine Core Facilities, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
10Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States of America
11The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, United States of America
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1Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
2Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
3Department of Cell, Development, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States of America
4UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
5Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
6Division of Nephrology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, United States of America
7Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, United States of America
8Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
9College of Medicine Core Facilities, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
10Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States of America
11The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, United States of America
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1Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
2Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
3Department of Cell, Development, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States of America
4UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
5Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
6Division of Nephrology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, United States of America
7Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, United States of America
8Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
9College of Medicine Core Facilities, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
10Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States of America
11The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, United States of America
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1Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
2Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
3Department of Cell, Development, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States of America
4UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
5Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
6Division of Nephrology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, United States of America
7Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, United States of America
8Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
9College of Medicine Core Facilities, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
10Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States of America
11The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, United States of America
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Lu, S.
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1Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
2Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
3Department of Cell, Development, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States of America
4UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
5Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
6Division of Nephrology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, United States of America
7Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, United States of America
8Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
9College of Medicine Core Facilities, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
10Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States of America
11The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, United States of America
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1Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
2Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
3Department of Cell, Development, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States of America
4UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
5Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
6Division of Nephrology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, United States of America
7Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, United States of America
8Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
9College of Medicine Core Facilities, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
10Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States of America
11The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, United States of America
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1Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
2Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
3Department of Cell, Development, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States of America
4UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
5Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
6Division of Nephrology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, United States of America
7Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, United States of America
8Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
9College of Medicine Core Facilities, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
10Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States of America
11The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, United States of America
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1Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
2Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
3Department of Cell, Development, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States of America
4UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
5Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
6Division of Nephrology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, United States of America
7Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, United States of America
8Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
9College of Medicine Core Facilities, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
10Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States of America
11The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, United States of America
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1Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
2Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
3Department of Cell, Development, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States of America
4UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
5Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
6Division of Nephrology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, United States of America
7Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, United States of America
8Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
9College of Medicine Core Facilities, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
10Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States of America
11The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, United States of America
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1Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
2Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
3Department of Cell, Development, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States of America
4UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
5Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
6Division of Nephrology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, United States of America
7Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, United States of America
8Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
9College of Medicine Core Facilities, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
10Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States of America
11The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, United States of America
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1Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
2Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
3Department of Cell, Development, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States of America
4UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
5Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
6Division of Nephrology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, United States of America
7Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, United States of America
8Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
9College of Medicine Core Facilities, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
10Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States of America
11The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, United States of America
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1Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
2Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
3Department of Cell, Development, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States of America
4UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
5Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
6Division of Nephrology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, United States of America
7Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, United States of America
8Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
9College of Medicine Core Facilities, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
10Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States of America
11The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, United States of America
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1Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
2Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
3Department of Cell, Development, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States of America
4UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
5Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
6Division of Nephrology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, United States of America
7Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, United States of America
8Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
9College of Medicine Core Facilities, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
10Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States of America
11The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, United States of America
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1Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
2Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
3Department of Cell, Development, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States of America
4UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
5Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
6Division of Nephrology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, United States of America
7Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, United States of America
8Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
9College of Medicine Core Facilities, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
10Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States of America
11The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, United States of America
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1Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
2Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
3Department of Cell, Development, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States of America
4UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
5Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
6Division of Nephrology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, United States of America
7Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, United States of America
8Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
9College of Medicine Core Facilities, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
10Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States of America
11The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, United States of America
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1Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
2Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
3Department of Cell, Development, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States of America
4UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
5Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
6Division of Nephrology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, United States of America
7Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, United States of America
8Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
9College of Medicine Core Facilities, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
10Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States of America
11The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, United States of America
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Published July 28, 2026 - More info
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